Commonly known as Performance Ceramics, Technical Ceramics, or Refractory Ceramics. We provide those ceramics as tubes, rods, discs, and other custom fabrications while providing the highest quality, best service, and lowest price. Please contact us directly or send prints for a custom quote. Additionally, some stocked items are available in our store for immediate shipment. If you need help with your application our Engineering Team is available for scheduled consultations.
- Oxide Ceramics
- Alumina 85-99.9% purity
- Mullite
- Zirconia, MgO, Yttria SZ, ZTA, and others.
- Cordierite
- Porcelain
- Sapphire
- Fused Quartz
- Macor
- Ceramic Composite

- Non-oxide Ceramics & Carbides
- Silicon Carbide, SiC, all types
- Silicon Nitride (Si3N4)
- Boron Nitride (BN, all types)
- Boron Carbide (BC)
- Tungsten Carbide (WC)
- Aluminum Nitride (AIN)
Useful Charts
Sintered Ceramics Properties
Properties | Units | Test | Mullite | Alumina 94% | Alumina 96% | Alumina 99.5% | Alumina 99.8% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Density | gm/cc | ASTM-C20 | 2.80 | 3.70 | 3.72 | 3.90 | 3.92 |
Crystal Size Average | Microns | Thin-section | 10 | 12 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
Water Absorption | % | ASTM-373 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Gas Permeability | - | - | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Color | - | - | Tan | White | White | Ivory | Ivory |
Flexural Strength (MOR) 20℃ | MPa (psi x 10³) | ASTM-F417 | 170 (25) | 352 (51) | 358 (52) | 379 (55) | 375 (54) |
Elastic Modulus 20℃ | GPa (psi x 10³) | ASTM-C848 | 150 (22) | 303 (44) | 303 (44) | 370 (54) | 370 (54) |
Poisson's Ratio ℃ | - | ASTM-C848 | - | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.22 |
Compressive Strength 20℃ | MPa (psi X 10³) | ASTM-C773 | 550 (80) | 2103 (305) | 2068 (300) | 2600 (377) | 2500 (363) |
Hardness | GPa (kg/mm²) R45N | Knoop 1000gm Rockwell 45 N | 7.4 (750) 70 | 11.5 (1175) 78 | 11.5 (1175) 78 | 14.1 (1440) 83 | 14.1 (1440) 83 |
Tensile Strength 25℃ | MPa (psi x 10³) | ACMA Test #4 | - | 193 (28) | 221 (32) | 262 (38) | 248 (36) |
Fracture Toughness K(l c) | MPa m1/2 | Notched Beam | 2 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 4-5 | 4-5 |
Thermal Conductivity 20℃ | W/m °K | ASTM-C408 | 3.5 | 22.4 | 24.7 | 30.0 | 30.0 |
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion 25-100℃ | 1 x 10-6/℃ | ASTM-C372 | 5.3 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.2 |
Specific Heat 100℃ | J/kg*K | ASTM-E1269 | 950 | 880 | 880 | 880 | 880 |
Thermal Shock Resistance Δ Tc | ℃ | Note 3 | 300 | 250 | 250 | 200 | 200 |
Max Use Temperature | ℃ | No-Load Cond. | 1700 | 1700 | 1700 | 1750 | 1750 |
Dielectric Strength | ac-kV/mm acV/mil | ASTM-D116 | 9.8 248 | 8.3 210 | 8.3 210 | 8.7 220 | 8.7 220 |
Dielectric Constant 1 MHz | 25℃ | ASTM-D150 | 6.0 | 9.1 | 9 | 9.7 | 9.8 |
Dielectric Loss (tan delta) 1 MHz | 25℃ | ASTM-D150 | 0.0020 | 0.0004 | 0.0002 | 0.0001 | 0.001 |
25℃ 500℃ 1000℃ | ohm-cm | ASTM-D1829 | 3 x 105 | 4 x 109 5 x 105 | 4 x 109 1 x 106 | 2 x 1010 2 x 106 | 2 x 1010 2 x 107 |
Impingement | - | Note 4 | - | 0.52 | 0.50 | 0.47 | 0.47 |
Rubbing | - | Note 4 | - | - | 0.60 | - | - |
1. Data Measurements – All data measurements are typical and made at room temperature unless otherwise noted. 2. Composition Control – all ceramic compositions are controlled using modern chemical, spectrographic, and X-ray fluorescent methods. 3. Thermal Shock Resistance – Tests are run by quenching samples into water from various elevated temperatures. The change in temperature where a sharp decrease in flexural strength is observed is listed as DTc. 4. Wear Resistance – Impingement tests are run using a dry fused alumina abrasive. Rubbing tests are run using a dry 240 grit fused alumina abrasive. The indices in the chart are calculated by dividing the material volume loss by the volume loss of an AD-85 alumina control. The lower in the index, the better the wear resistance. 5. Dielectric Strength numbers represent measurements on samples that were 0.25” thick. |
Sintered Alumina Info & Pricing
Sintered Alumina Products | Size | Price |
---|---|---|
Alumina Rods Grade: 99.7% | 0.5" OD x 4" | $7.00 |
0.5" OD x 6" | $12.00 | |
Alumina Insulators Grade: 99.8% | 1.505" OD x 1.254" ID x 0.635" L | $5.00 |
Alumina Rings Grade: 99.8% | 0.695" OD x 0.540" ID x 0.565" L | $3.00 |
Alumina Tiles Grade: 99.7% | 0.125" x 4" x 4" | $28.00 |
0.125" x 6" x 6" | $45.00 | |
0.25" x 4" x 4" | $30.00 | |
0.25" x 6" x 6" | $48.00 | |
0.25" x 8" x 8" | $70.00 | |
0.25" x 12" x 12" | $190.00 | |
Alumina Tiles Grade: 95% | 0.25" x 4" x 4" | $18.00 |
0.25" x 6" x 6" | $30.00 | |
0.25" x 8" x 8" | $45.00 | |
0.25" x 12" x 12" | $140.00 | |
Need a custom size? Contact us for a quote. |
Zirconia Ceramic Properties
Properties | Units | Test | Zirconia Toughened Alumina (ZTA) | Magnesia Partially Stabilized Zirconia (MgO) | Yttria Partially Stabilized Zirconia (YTZP Sintered) | Yttria Partially Stabilized Zirconia (YTZP HIPpED) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Color | - | - | White | Ivory | Ivory | Gray |
Density | gm/cm³ | ASTM-C20 | 4.01 | 5.72 | 6.02 | 6.07 |
Crystal Size Average | Microns | ASTM-E112 | 2 | 25 | 1 | 1 |
Water Absorption | % | ASTM-373 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Gas Permeability | - | - | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Flexural Strength (MOR) | MPa (psi x 10³) @68℉ | @20℃ | ASTM-F417 | 450 (65) | 900 (131) | 1240 (180) | 1720 (249) |
Elastic Modulus | GPa (psi x 106) @68℉ | @20℃ | ASTM-C848 | 360 (52) | 200 (29) | 210 (30) | 210 (30) |
Poisson's Ratio | @68℉ | @20℃ | ASTM-C848 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 |
Compressive Strength | MPa (psi X 10³) @68℉ | @20℃ | ASTM-C773 | 2900 (421) | 1750 (254) | 2500 (363) | 2500 (363) |
Hardness | R45N GPa (kg/mm²) | Rockwell 45 N KNOOP 1000gm | 85 14.5 (1475) | 77 11.8 (1200) | 81 12.7 (1300) | 81 12.7 (1300) |
Tensile Strength | MPa (psi x 10³) @77℉ | @25℃ | ACMA Test #4 | 290 (42) | 483 (70) | - | - |
Fracture Toughness | MPa m1/2 Klc | NOTCHED BEAM | 5-6 | 11 | 13 | 13 |
Thermal Conductivity | W/m °K @68℉ | @20℃ | ASTM-C408 | 27.0 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | 1 x 10-6/℃ @25℉ - 1000℃ | ASTM-C372 | 8.3 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 10.3 |
Specific Heat | J/kg*K @212℉ | 100℃ | ASTM-E1269 | 885 | 400 | 400 | 400 |
Thermal Shock Resistance | Δ Tc ℃ | WATER QUENCH | 300 | 350 | 350 | 350 |
Dielectric Strength @ 6.35mm | ac-kV/mm ac V/mil | ASTM-D116 | 9.0 228 | 9.4 240 | 9.0 228 | 9.0 228 |
Dielectric Constant | 1 MHz @77℉ | 25℃ | ASTM-D150 | 10.6 | 28.00 | 29.0 | 29.0 |
Dielectric Loss (Tan Delta) | 1 MHz @77℉ | 25℃ | ASTM-D150 | 0.0005 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Volume Resistivity @77℉ | 25℃ @932℉ | 500℃ @1832℉ | 1000℃ | ohm-cm | ASTM-D1829 | >1014 2 x 109 3 x 106 | >1013 2 x 104 <103 | >1013 2 x 104 <103 | >1013 2 x 104 <103 |
Carbide Ceramic Properties
Properties | Units | Test | Reaction Bonded Silicon Carbide | Direct Sintered Silicon Carbide | CVD Sintered Silicon Carbide | Reaction Bonded Boron Carbide | Hot Pressed Boron Carbide | Tungsten Carbide |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Color | - | - | Black | Black | Black | - | Black | Gray |
Density | gm/cm³ | ASTM-C20 | 3.10 | 3.15 | 3.21 | 2.65 | 2.5 | 14.90 |
Crystal Size Average | Microns | ASTM-E112 | 12 | 4 | - | - | 15 | 1 |
Water Absorption | % | ASTM-373 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Gas Permeability | - | - | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Flexural Strength (MOR) | MPa (psi x 10³) @68℉ | @20℃ | ASTM-F417 | 462 (67) | 480 (70) | 470-520 (68-75) | 250 (36) | 410 (59) | 2330 (338) |
Elastic Modulus | GPa (psi x 106) @68℉ | @20℃ | ASTM-C848 | 393 (57) | 410 (59) | 435-460 (63-67) | 379 (55) | 460 (67) | 614 (89) |
Poisson's Ratio | @68℉ | @20℃ | ASTM-C848 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.18 | 0.17 | - |
Compressive Strength | MPa (psi X 10³) @68℉ | @20℃ | ASTM-C773 | 2700 (392) | 3500 (508) | - | 1721 (250) | - | 4343 (630) |
Hardness | R45N GPa (kg/mm²) | Rockwell 45 N KNOOP 1000gm | - 24.5 (2500) | - 27.4 (2800) | - 27 (2750) | - 25.5 (2600) | 27 (2750) | 15.2 (1548) |
Tensile Strength | MPa (psi x 10³) @77℉ | @25℃ | ACMA Test #4 | 307 (44.5) | - | - | - | - | - |
Fracture Toughness | MPa m1/2 Klc | NOTCHED BEAM | 4 | 4 | 3.5 | 3-4 | 2.5 | 24 |
Thermal Conductivity | W/m °K @68℉ | @20℃ | ASTM-C408 | 125.0 | 150.0 | 140.0 | 50.0 | 90.0 | 84.0 |
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | 1 x 10-6/℃ @25℉ - 1000℃ | ASTM-C372 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 5.6 | 5.9 |
Specific Heat | J/kg*K @212℉ | 100℃ | ASTM-E1269 | 800 | 800 | 665 | - | - | - |
Thermal Shock Resistance | Δ Tc ℃ | WATER QUENCH | 400 | 300 | - | - | - | - |
Dielectric Strength @ 6.35mm | ac-kV/mm ac V/mil | ASTM-D116 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Dielectric Constant | 1 MHz @77℉ | 25℃ | ASTM-D150 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Dielectric Loss (Tan Delta) | 1 MHz @77℉ | 25℃ | ASTM-D150 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Volume Resistivity @77℉ | 25℃ @932℉ | 500℃ @1832℉ | 1000℃ | ohm-cm | ASTM-D1829 | < 10³ < 10³ < 10³ | < 105 < 10³ < 10² | < 0.10 - > 105 - - | < 10³ < 10³ < 10³ | < 10² - - | < 10³ < 10³ < 10³ |
Nitride Ceramic Properties
Properties | Units | Test | Hot Pressed Aluminum Nitride | Silicon Nitride (Glass HIPped) | High Temp Silicon Nitride (Glass HIPped) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Color | - | - | Gray | Gray | Gray |
Density | gm/cm³ | ASTM-C20 | 3.26 | 3.21 | 3.22 |
Crystal Size Average | Microns | ASTM-E112 | 3 | - | - |
Water Absorption | % | ASTM-373 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Gas Permeability | - | - | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Flexural Strength (MOR) | MPa (psi x 10³) @68℉ | @20℃ | ASTM-F417 | 340 (49) | 1000 (145) | 900 (131) |
Elastic Modulus | GPa (psi x 106) @68℉ | @20℃ | ASTM-C848 | 330 (48) | 310 (45) | 310 (45) |
Poisson's Ratio | @68℉ | @20℃ | ASTM-C848 | 0.25 | 0.27 | 0.27 |
Compressive Strength | MPa (psi X 10³) @68℉ | @20℃ | ASTM-C773 | - | 2500 (363) | - |
Hardness | R45N GPa (kg/mm²) | Rockwell 45 N KNOOP 1000gm | - 11 (1120) | - 16 (1630) | - 16 (1630) |
Tensile Strength | MPa (psi x 10³) @77℉ | @25℃ | ACMA Test #4 | - | - | 630 (91) |
Fracture Toughness | MPa m1/2 Klc | NOTCHED BEAM | 3 | 6.5 | 6.0 |
Thermal Conductivity | W/m °K @68℉ | @20℃ | ASTM-C408 | 80.0 | 34 | 38 |
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | 1 x 10-6/℃ @25℉ - 1000℃ | ASTM-C372 | 5.0 | 3.7 | 3.1 |
Specific Heat | J/kg*K @212℉ | 100℃ | ASTM-E1269 | 740 | - | 724 |
Thermal Shock Resistance | Δ Tc ℃ | WATER QUENCH | - | - | - |
Dielectric Strength @ 6.35mm | ac-kV/mm ac V/mil | ASTM-D116 | 8.2 (207) | - | - |
Dielectric Constant | 1 MHz @77℉ | 25℃ | ASTM-D150 | 9 | 8 | - |
Dielectric Loss (Tan Delta) | 1 MHz @77℉ | 25℃ | ASTM-D150 | < 0.001 | - | - |
Volume Resistivity @77℉ | 25℃ @932℉ | 500℃ @1832℉ | 1000℃ | ohm-cm | ASTM-D1829 | > 1013 > 105 > 103 | > 1014 - - | - - - |
Silicate Ceramic Properties
Properties | Units | Test | Porcelain | Steatite | Cordierite | Mullite |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Color | - | - | White | Beige | Orange-Tan | Tan |
Density | gm/cm³ | ASTM-C20 | 2.40 | 2.78 | 2.00 | 2.80 |
Crystal Size Average | Microns | ASTM-E112 | - | - | - | 10 |
Water Absorption | % | ASTM-373 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
Gas Permeability | - | - | 0 | 0 | Porous | 0 |
Flexural Strength (MOR) | MPa (psi x 10³) @68℉ | @20℃ | ASTM-F417 | 130 (19) | 140 (20) | 66 (9.5) | 170 (25) |
Elastic Modulus | GPa (psi x 106) @68℉ | @20℃ | ASTM-C848 | 104 (15) | 110 (16) | 103 (15) | 150 (22) |
Poisson's Ratio | @68℉ | @20℃ | ASTM-C848 | - | - | 0.31 | - |
Compressive Strength | MPa (psi X 10³) @68℉ | @20℃ | ASTM-C773 | 590 (86) | - | 165 (24) | 550 (80) |
Hardness | R45N GPa (kg/mm²) | Rockwell 45 N KNOOP 1000gm | 60 5.9 (600) | 57 - | 50 5.8 (590) | 70 7.4 (750) |
Tensile Strength | MPa (psi x 10³) @77℉ | @25℃ | ACMA Test #4 | - | - | 19 (2.7) | - |
Fracture Toughness | MPa m1/2 Klc | NOTCHED BEAM | 2 | - | - | 2 |
Thermal Conductivity | W/m °K @68℉ | @20℃ | ASTM-C408 | 5.0 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 3.5 |
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | 1 x 10-6/℃ @25℉ - 1000℃ | ASTM-C372 | 4.9 | 9 | 3.4 | 5.3 |
Specific Heat | J/kg*K @212℉ | 100℃ | ASTM-E1269 | - | - | - | 950 |
Thermal Shock Resistance | Δ Tc ℃ | WATER QUENCH | - | 100 | 350 | 300 |
Dielectric Strength @ 6.35mm | ac-kV/mm ac V/mil | ASTM-D116 | - | - | 10 (255) | 9.8 (248) |
Dielectric Constant | 1 MHz @77℉ | 25℃ | ASTM-D150 | 5.9 | - | 5.0 | 6.0 |
Dielectric Loss (Tan Delta) | 1 MHz @77℉ | 25℃ | ASTM-D150 | 0.0024 | - | 7.0 | 0.002 |
Volume Resistivity @77℉ | 25℃ @932℉ | 500℃ @1832℉ | 1000℃ | ohm-cm | ASTM-D1829 | - - - | 1013 108 - | 1012 106 - | 1014 4 x 105 - |
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Downloadables
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Boron Nitride Top Hat
$5.00 Select options -
Sintered Alumina Insulator
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Sintered Alumina Large Tube
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Sintered Alumina Rod
Sale! $7.00 – $12.00 Select options -
Sintered Alumina Tiles
$18.00 – $190.00 Select options -
Sintered Alumina Insulator
Sale!$10.00$5.00 Select options -
Ceramic Washers
$12.00 Select options -
Sintered Alumina Plates
Sale! $10.00 – $20.00 Select options